Kuzamura amashanyarazi bitwarwa na moteri yamashanyarazi kandi bizamura cyangwa bigabanya ibintu biremereye binyuze mumigozi cyangwa iminyururu. Moteri yamashanyarazi itanga imbaraga kandi ikohereza imbaraga zo kuzunguruka kumugozi cyangwa urunigi binyuze mumashanyarazi, bityo ikamenya umurimo wo guterura no gutwara ibintu biremereye. Kuzamura amashanyarazi mubisanzwe bigizwe na moteri, kugabanya, feri, ingoma yumugozi (cyangwa isoko), umugenzuzi, amazu hamwe nigikoresho. Moteri itanga imbaraga, kugabanya kugabanya umuvuduko wa moteri no kongera umuvuduko, feri ikoreshwa mugucunga no kugumana umwanya wumutwaro, ingoma yumugozi cyangwa spocket ikoreshwa muguhindura umugozi cyangwa urunigi, naho umugenzuzi akoreshwa mugucunga imikorere yo kuzamura amashanyarazi. Hasi, iyi ngingo izerekana amashanyarazi ashyiraho amashanyarazi nuburyo bwo gusana nyuma yo kuzamura kwangiritse.
Icyitonderwa cyo gushiraho amashanyarazi yo kuzamura amashanyarazi
Inzira yakuzamura amashanyaraziikozwe mu cyuma cya I-beam, kandi uruziga ruzunguruka. Inzira yumurongo igomba kuba iri murwego rusabwa, naho ubundi ntishobora gushyirwaho. Iyo inzira yo kwiruka ari ibyuma bya H, icyuma kigenda ni silindrike. Nyamuneka reba neza mbere yo kwishyiriraho. Abakozi bashinzwe amashanyarazi bagomba kuba bafite icyemezo cyakazi cyamashanyarazi kugirango bakore. Iyo amashanyarazi ahagaritswe, kora insinga zo hanze ukurikije imikoreshereze yumuriro wamashanyarazi cyangwa imiterere ijyanye no kuzamura.
Mugihe ushyiraho amashanyarazi, reba niba icyuma gikoreshwa mugukosora umugozi winsinga. Umugozi wubutaka ugomba gushyirwaho kumurongo cyangwa imiterere ihujwe nayo. Umugozi wubutaka urashobora kuba insinga yumuringa yambaye ubusa ya φ4 kugeza φ5mm cyangwa insinga yicyuma ifite igice cyambukiranya kitari munsi ya 25mm2.
Ingingo zo gufata nezakuzamura amashanyarazi
1.Ni ngombwa kugenzura neza umuzenguruko nyamukuru ugenzura no guhagarika amashanyarazi ya moteri izamura; gukumira imiyoboro nyamukuru no kugenzura imiyoboro idatanga amashanyarazi kuri moteri yibice bitatu no gutwika moteri, cyangwa moteri yo kuzamura ikora munsi yamashanyarazi bizatera ingaruka.
2. Ibikurikira, hagarara hanyuma utangire wihindura, genzura neza kandi usesengure kugenzura ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nuburyo ibintu bizenguruka imbere. Gusana no gusimbuza ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi cyangwa insinga. Ntishobora gutangira kugeza byemejwe ko nta makosa afite muri rusange no kugenzura.
3. Iyo imbaraga za terefone ya moteri ya moteri isanze iri munsi ya 10% ugereranije n’umuvuduko wagenwe, ibicuruzwa ntibishobora gutangira kandi ntibikora bisanzwe. Muri iki gihe, hagomba gukoreshwa igipimo cyerekana umuvuduko.
